Historical Timeline of the 2023 Exodus and Aftermath

1. December 12, 2022

The Lachin Corridor blockade begins, severely disrupting access to Nagorno-Karabakh. 2. February 22, 2023

The International Court of Justice orders Azerbaijan to ensure unimpeded movement along the corridor. 3. April 23, 2023

Azerbaijan establishes a checkpoint on the Lachin road. 4. June–August 2023

Restrictions intensify and the humanitarian crisis worsens. 5. September 19, 2023

Azerbaijan launches a military offensive against Armenian positions in Nagorno-Karabakh. 6. September 20, 2023

A ceasefire is announced; Armenian forces agree to disarm. 7. September 24, 2023

The mass exodus toward Armenia begins. 8. September 25, 2023

A catastrophic fuel-depot explosion near Stepanakert kills and injures hundreds. 9. September 27, 2023

Refugee arrivals peak; former state minister Ruben Vardanyan is detained. 10. September 28, 2023

A decree announces the dissolution of the Republic of Artsakh's institutions. 11. October 1, 2023

A UN mission visits Nagorno-Karabakh and finds very few Armenian residents remaining. 12. October 4, 2023

Armenian authorities report 100,632 arrivals since September 24. 13. November 17, 2023

The International Court of Justice orders safeguards for return, departure, and protection of records. 14. April–June 2024

Russian peacekeepers withdraw; Armenia and Azerbaijan continue border negotiations. 15. 2024–2025

Refugee integration, property claims, cultural-heritage monitoring, and prosecutions continue. 16. August 8, 2025

Armenia and Azerbaijan initial a peace agreement at a Washington summit. 17. February 2026

Ruben Vardanyan is sentenced in Azerbaijan amid international fair-trial concerns. 18. November 2026

The consequences of displacement, questions of return, and the implementation of interstate peace remain unresolved.